Fuel system



Feb. 3, 1925 C. W. VAN RANST FUEL SYSTEM Filed April 15, 1922 Z Z -I v M A mm m I I I 1 m k I m 0 I I Z 0 n m V K 1 I m l I |ll I u 5 "If, 3 W o 8 n 3 3 INVENTOR. CORNELIUS I'M VII/1 69/157. M M

ATTORNEYS.

Patented Feb. 3, 1925.

UNITED er -ars s A iszaest ENT OFF CORNELIUS w. VAN- n-Aivs'r, 'on-nnrnoir; iviion rcnn.

FUEL SYSTEM.

Application filed'April 15, 1922. I Seria1'No. f553 ,283.

which like numerals refer to like parts.

This invention relates to the fuel; system of an internal combustion engine.

- The chiefobject of the invention is to "provideanimproved fuel "vaporizing system for an internal combustion engine wherein the mixture supplied -to the-engine will be free and clean burning, from which the heavier particles have been separated 'by their own inertia and gravity and'vaporized by a special stove construction-heated from the exhaust of themotor.

Another object of theinventionis to'provide the fuel system with a' stove construction, whichstove construction preferably is heat'ed, by the exhaust. r

1 Another object of the invention is to construct-the several elements of; the internal combustion engine associated witlr-the-intake and exhaust. thereof so that the same may be readily detach able.

Other features'of' the invention, in addition to the accomplishment of the foregoing objects, will be described-indetail hereinafter.

The full nature of the'invention will be understood from the accompanying drawingsand the following description and claims.

In the drawings, Fig 1 is a horizontal sectionalview of a portion of the cylinder head of an engine. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse sectional view of thefuel system of air internal combustion engine; Fig. 3 is an enlarged end view of the vaporizer.

' In the drawings 10 indicates theusual cylinderblock which is supportedby-theusual crankcase 11. lhecylindei block in turn supports the detachable -cyli nderhead- 12. The engine herein'illustrated is-of the fou cylinder type and is provided with the er:- haust ports'13 which communicate with-the exhaust chambers 14'; in turn communicating with the cylinder. Eachcylinder isalso provided with an inlet valve-port:15 and said intake ports are positioned in aheader, the walls of which are indicated by the numeral carbureted mixture.

16. Positioned centrally in theheader is a conduit portion 17. Position'ed within the cylinder block 10 and herein extending substantially vertical therein is a conduit or standpipe 19, the ,upper endof; which communicates with the conduit 17. Herein the standpipelQ is shown asextending through thecylinderblock. -It may,however, terminate shortthereof and include the construction hereinafter described asassociated with I r the crank case. i A conduit 19 may be inclined to the horizontal, but-herein is shown Extending transversely of the crank case is a pipe or'conduit 20 which is provided with a rectangularlypositioned conduit branch 21, forming substantially a T connection. The conduit 21 herein-communicates'with the lower end of the conduit 19 and at substantially right angles to each other. The lateral pipe construction, therefore, includes the three communicating conduits 17, 19 and 21, and although herein said conduit portions are shown separable, the same may be formed of a single} channel and positioned entirely in the cylinder block or head or both; One branch ofthe conduit 20 isclosed .by a pipe 22 suitably s ecured thereto, and saidpipe leads to the-carbureter and may form apart of thecarbureter construction if desired. Upon the-suction stroke there is a-partial vacuum created in the'cylinderand atmospheric pressure forces the carbureted mixture through the passages 22, 20, 19, Hand 16. lner-tia of the-masscauses the heavier fuel particlesto co'ntinuethrough the pipe 20 towards the stoveand vaporizer construction at the other end. The lighter particles and carbureted air continues through the lateral pipe 19 and gravity'here separates theheavier fuel particles from the The mixture which ultimately reaches the in'letvalves is, therefore, readily combustible. H

The burned gases are exhaustedfrom the chambers liathrough the ;ports 13 into the communicating pipes-or connections 23, forming a ipart of gthe exhaust 'ngianifold2 l. The eXhaust-unani'fold 2a isprovided with a pipe '25 which is herein illustratedv as :CllS- charging -into -2stove construction, Which in .tu'rn discharges into the exhaust pipe 26. The stove construction mentioned-is positioned in theexhaust .pipe substantially opposite; -t-he' other "bra ch-of the T- conduit 20.

Herein the stove construction is illustrated as a heater casing 27 having openings 28 and 29 therein which register with the exhaust pipes 25 and 26 respectively and to which they are secured. The heater casing 27 is provided with an opening 30 which 1s enlarged at 31 to form a shoulder The opening 30 is adapted to register with the other branch of the conduit 20. Suitable bolts 33 are adapted to secure the heater to the motor, so that the opening 30 registers with the conduit 20. The heater casing is also provided with an opening 34 which herein is shown threaded. The opening 34 permits access to the interior of the heater casing.

Positioned within the casing 27 andiextending into the conduit 20 is a vaporizer unit having a shouldered flange 35 which 18 engageable upon the shoulder 32 1n the opening 30. The vaporizer unit comprises a projecting portion 36 which extends inwardly into the conduit 20 and is frustoconical. The frusto-conical projectlon in turn is hollowed out to form a conical recess 37 positioned axially thereof. The heat abstracting portion of the vaporizer, see Figs. 2 and 3, comprises a plurality of parallel fins 38. Positioned centrally of said fins and the vaporizer is an abutment extension 39. A plug 40 having a threaded portion for engagement With the threaded opening 34 is also provided with an abutment 41. By screwing the plug 40 into the opening 34, the abutment 41 engages the abutment 39 and forces the vaporizer into engagement with the heater casing 27, so that the shouldered flange 34 will be seatable in the shouldered opening 30 and be secured in said opening with a leak-proof joint. The plug40, thus, not only secures the vaporizer unit in position, but also permits said vaporizer unit to be removed from the heater casing or stove, so that the carbon upon the fins 38 may be removed therefrom, carbon being a poor conductor of heat.

As shown clearly in Fig. 2, the construction and arrangement of the parts is such that the incoming fuel is forced into the conduit 20 and the heavier liquid particles impinge upon the projecting portion of the vaporizer and particularly upon the conical exterior and interior surfaces hereinbefore described. Likewise, any liquid fuel separated by gravity which has been discharged from the standpipe 19 into the conduit 20 will also impinge upon the vaporizer projection. lVhen the liquid fuel impinges upon the vaporizer projection, the same causes the fuel to vaporize, since the vaporizer unit is heated from the exhaust gases through the agency of the fins 38. If desired, the conduit 20 may be tilted in such a manner that the liquid fuel normally will run towards the vaporizer projection, but

ordinarily the same is not necessary, since the liquid fuel in the conduit 20- will be thrown towards the vaporizer by the crown of the roadway and the velocity of the in coming gases.

The aforesaid construction is such that it only vaporizes the liquid fuel without heating the incoming mixture to any appreciable degree, thereby retaining the high volumetric efficiency, due to a cold mixture.

While the invention has been described in considerable detail in the foregoing specifications and several modifications thereof have been suggested, said modifications as well as others which may readily suggest themselves to those skilled in the art to which the invention applies are all considered to be within the broad purview of this invention, as outlined by the appended claims.

The invention claimed is:

1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of an included inverted T- shaped fuel supplying channel therein, a vaporizer connected to one arm of the T, a carbureter connect-ed to the other arm there of, and a header connected to the base of the inverted T-shaped channeland to the engine cylinders.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a conduit extending therethrough substantially parallel to the cylinders, a conduit extending longitudnally of the engine and connected to each cylinder and the substantially parallel conduit and substantially transverse to said substantially parallel con duit and another conduit extending laterally through the engine and substantially transverse to the substantially parallel conduit and connected thereto intermediate the transverse conduit ends.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a conduit extending therethrough substantially parallel to the cylinders, a conduit extending longitudinally of the engine and connectedto each cylinder and the substantially parallel conduit and substantially transverse to said substantially parallel conduit, another conduit extending laterally through the engine and substantially transverse to the substantially parallel. conduit and connected thereto intermediate the transverse conduit ends, and means con-- nected with both ends of the third-mentioned conduit for supplying a completely apor- I ized and atomized fuel to the cylinders.

4. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a transversely extending conduit, another conduit positioned at an angle to the engine base communicating with said transversely extending conduit, a fuel supply line communicating with one end of the transversely extending conduit, and a vaporizer positioned in the other end of the transversely extending conduit.

5. A vaporizer construction comprising a casing including a chamber provided With a pair of openings for including said casing in the exhaust of an engine, a heat absorb ing construction positionable in said casing,

said casing having an additional opening therein, and a plug for closing said last mentioned opening and for maintaining said construction in position in said casin 6. A vaporizer unit including an end portion comprising a plurality of fins, an intermediate supporting portion, and an opposite end portion comprising a frusto-conical projection provided with an axially aligned conical depression.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto aflixed my signature.

CORNELIUS W. VAN RANST. 

